天文」カテゴリーアーカイブ

惑星直列

明け方の東の空に惑星が勢ぞろい(6月27日、3時20分頃)スマホ(Pixel6)で撮影してみた。

この画像では表現できていないが、デジカメCoolpix P950で倍率を上げて撮影したら、海王星、天王星も確認することができた。

raspberry P4 64bit gnome環境でkstarsでekosのアイコン(一部)が表示されない。

sudo apt-get install breeze-icon-themeで解決

Missing button icons in EKOS under Ubuntu 15.10

https://indilib.org/forum/ekos/988-missing-button-icons-in-ekos-under-ubuntu-15-10/50577.html

Kstars Integration issue with Gnome desktop

https://indilib.org/forum/ekos/3679-kstars-integration-issue-with-gnome-desktop.html

ISSの太陽面通過の撮影

国際宇宙ステーションが、太陽や月面の前を通過する日時・場所を、ISS TRANSIT FINDERで知ることができます。

11月25日に、自宅から少し離れた河川敷公園で、 国際宇宙ステーションの太陽面の通過を観測できそうなので、器材一式(カメラ、小型赤道儀、三脚)を持って撮影にトライしてみました。 今回のタイミングでは、ISSまでの距離が1600Km以上と、かなり遠いためISSらしい機影までは、確認に至りませんでしたが、撮影までの一連の流れを確認できました。下の画面では縮小されて見ずらいので、youtubeで表示した方が見やすいと思います。ISSは、右下から左上方向に移動します。

課題

カメラの撮影パラメータの適切化(動画/静止画、Iシャッター速度、撮影モード(連写/高速連写など、、、)

撮影器材

カメラ:NIKON P950、赤道儀:Az-GTi

おまけ:撮影の準備中に航空機が太陽面を通過する映像を記録できました。

streamlitで流星観測データを表示

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import streamlit as st
import time
import datetime
import os
import glob
import cv2
import re
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
from datetime import datetime, date, time

PATH='/home/metro//DATA/'

def comp_b2(A,B):
# 比較明合成処理
# https://nyanpyou.hatenablog.com/entry/2020/03/20/132937
#
    gray_img1 = cv2.cvtColor(A, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    gray_img2 = cv2.cvtColor(B, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
#グレースケールの比較で作成したimg1用のマスク(img1の方が明るい画素を示す)
    mask_img1 = np.where(gray_img1>gray_img2, 255, 0).astype(np.uint8)
#img2用のマスク(0と255を入れ替え)(img2の方が明るい画素を示す)
    mask_img2 = np.where(mask_img1==255, 0, 255).astype(np.uint8)

#作成したマスクを使って元画像から抜き出し
    masked_img1 = cv2.bitwise_and(A, A, mask=mask_img1)
    masked_img2 = cv2.bitwise_and(B, B, mask=mask_img2)

    img3 = masked_img1 + masked_img2
    return img3

def disp(device):
        n=0
        cap = cv2.VideoCapture(device)
        W = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
        H = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))
        W2=int(W/2)
        H2=int(H/2)
        image_loc = st.empty()
        prev=None
        while cap.isOpened:
            ret, img = cap.read()
            if ret:
                if W==1920:
                    img=cv2.resize(img, dsize=(W2, H2))
                #time.sleep(0.01)
                if prev is None:
                    prev = img.copy()
                else:
                    E = comp_b2(prev,img)
                    prev = E
                img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
                image_loc.image(img)
            else:
                break

        cap.release()
        image_loc = st.empty()
        img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(prev, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
        image_loc.image(img)
    #st.button('Replay')

def main():
    st.header("流星観測データの表示")
    col1, col2, col3 = st.columns([1,1,3])
    with col1:
        date=st.date_input('DATE')
    path=PATH+date.strftime("%Y%m%d")
    selected=[]
    f_name=[]
    TL=[]
    if os.path.exists(path):
        files=glob.glob(path+'/*avi')
        # time filter : m[4] is time field.
        if files is not(None):
            for opt in files:
                m=re.split('[_.]',opt)
                TL.append(int(int(m[4])/10000))
            TL=list(set(TL))                        # sortして重複を削除
            # 処理対象の時間帯を選択するセレクトBOXの表示
            with col2:
                selected_item = st.selectbox('TIME',TL)
            selT = int(selected_item)
            for opt in files:
                m=re.split('[_.]',opt)
                if len(m)>=4:
                    t = int(int(m[4])/10000)
            #if not(t>60000 and t<180000):
                    if t==selT:
                        selected.append(opt)

            if selected is not(None):
                for name in selected:
                    f_name.append(name.rsplit('/',1)[1])
                with col3:
                    option = st.selectbox('FILE to DISPLAY',f_name)
            if option is not(None):
                disp(path+'/'+option)
    else:
        st.write('No data exists!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

streamlitで動画を再生

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import streamlit as st
import time
import datetime
import os
import glob
import cv2
from PIL import Image
from datetime import datetime, date, time

PATH='/home/mars/pWork/DATA/'

def disp(device):
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(device)
    image_loc = st.empty()
    while cap.isOpened:
        ret, img = cap.read()
        if ret:
            img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
            image_loc.image(img)
        else:
            break

    cap.release()
    st.button('Replay')

def main():
    st.header("流星観測データの表示")
    date=st.date_input('Select date')
    path=PATH+date.strftime("%Y%m%d")
    #st.write(path)
    if os.path.exists(path):
        files=glob.glob(path+'/*avi')
        option = st.selectbox('Select file:',files)
        disp(option)
    else:
        st.write('No data exists!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

ファイルの選択対象を、様々な条件で絞りこむコードを追加したい。

cudaとThread対応のテスト

複数台のネットワークカメラに対応し、cuda(GPU)とThread機能を活用できるバージョン。

import cv2
import numpy as np
import time
import datetime
import os
import sys
GPU=True
THREAD=True
if len(sys.argv)>1:
    if sys.argv[1]=='A':
        cPATH='rtsp://5173:6703@192.168.68.74/live'
    else:
        cPATH='rtsp://admin:@192.168.68.128:554/1/h264major'
else:
        cPATH='rtsp://5173:6703@192.168.68.74/live'
PATH="/home/mars/pWork/DATA"
#

class ThreadingVideoCapture:
    def __init__(self, src, max_queue_size=256):
        self.video = cv2.VideoCapture(src)
        self.q = queue.Queue(maxsize=max_queue_size)
        self.stopped = False

    def start(self):
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.update, daemon=True)
        thread.start()
        return self

    def update(self):
        while True:
            if self.stopped:
                return
            if not self.q.full():
                ok, frame = self.video.read()
                self.q.put((ok, frame))
                if not ok:
                    self.stop()
                    return

    def read(self):
        return self.q.get()

    def stop(self):
        self.stopped = True

    def release(self):
        self.stopped = True
        self.video.release()

    def isOpened(self):
        return self.video.isOpened()

    def get(self, i):
        return self.video.get(i)

def key(k):
    global th, tc,track,reverse
    if k == ord('2'):
        th = th - 1
    elif k == ord('3'):
        th = th + 1
    elif k == ord('4'):
        tc = tc -5
    elif k == ord('5'):
        tc = tc +5
    elif k == ord('t'):
        track = not track
    elif k == ord('r'):
        reverse = not reverse

fontFace =cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
track, reverse = False,False
avg=None
writer = None
th = 30
tc = 30
x,y=0,0
detect_counts = 0
red,blue,green = (0,0,255),(255,0,0),(0,255,0)
time_start = time.time()
frame=0
log=PATH+'/metro.log'
if cPATH=='rtsp://5173:6703@192.168.68.74/live':
    TITLE="ATOM"
    HEAD ='ATOM'
else:
    TITLE="ONVIF"
    HEAD='ONVIF'

if THREAD:
    import threading
    import queue
    TITLE=TITLE+"-T"
    capture = ThreadingVideoCapture(cPATH)
    capture.start()
    if not capture.isOpened():
        raise RuntimeError
else:
    capture=cv2.VideoCapture(cPATH)

if GPU:
    TITLE=TITLE+"-G"
    img_gpu_src = cv2.cuda_GpuMat() # Allocate device memory only once, as memory allocation seems to take time...
    img_gpu_dst = cv2.cuda_GpuMat()
    img_gpu_gray= cv2.cuda_GpuMat()

W = capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)
H = capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)
W2=int(W/2)
H2=int(H/2)
fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"XVID")
print('Camera:',cPATH)
print('Size:',W,H)
while(True):
    ret, img = capture.read()
    if ret:
        org = img.copy()
        if GPU:
            img_gpu_src.upload(img)
            img_gpu_dst = cv2.cuda.resize(img_gpu_src, dsize=(W2, H2))
            img_gpu_dst = cv2.cuda_GpuMat(img_gpu_dst,[0,int(H2*0.85)],[0,W2])
            img_gpu_gray=cv2.cuda.cvtColor(img_gpu_dst,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
            org_img=img_gpu_dst.download()
            gray = img_gpu_gray.download()
        else:
            org_img = cv2.resize(img, dsize=(W2, H2))
            org_img=img[0:int(H2*0.85),0:W2]
            gray = cv2.cvtColor(org_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
        if reverse:
            gray=cv2.bitwise_not(gray)
            avg=cv2.bitwise_not(avg)
        if avg is None:
            avg = gray.copy().astype("float")
            continue

        #wtiter,fname = moving(img,avg)
        cv2.accumulateWeighted(gray, avg, 0.5)
        frameDelta = cv2.absdiff(gray, cv2.convertScaleAbs(avg))
        thresh = cv2.threshold(frameDelta, th, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]

        contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        detect=False
        for i in range(0,len(contours)):
            if len(contours[i]) > 0:
                 if cv2.contourArea(contours[i]) > tc:
                    detect=True
                    time_start = time.time()
                    if writer is None and track:
                        detect_counts = 0
                        now=datetime.datetime.today()
                        date=now.strftime("%Y%m%d")
                        cDIR=PATH+'/'+date
                        if not(os.path.exists(cDIR)):
                            os.mkdir(cDIR)
                        fname=cDIR+'/'+ HEAD + now .strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")+".avi"
                        writer = cv2.VideoWriter(fname, fourcc, 15, (int(W), int(H)))
                    rect = contours[i]
                    x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(rect)
                    cv2.rectangle(org_img, (x-w, y-h), (x + w*2, y + h*2), red, 3)
        if detect:
            detect_counts=detect_counts + 1
        if time.time() -  time_start  > 5:
            if writer is not None:
                writer.release()
                new_name=fname.replace(HEAD,HEAD+'_' + f'{detect_counts:04}'+'_')
                os.rename(fname,new_name)
                frame=0
                writer = None
        now=datetime.datetime.today()
        text=now.strftime("%Y%m%d %H%M%S")+' No:'+str(frame)+ ' '+" TH:"+str(th)+" SZ:"+str(tc)
        org_img = cv2.putText(org_img, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=green)
        org = cv2.putText(org, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=green)
        text1="REC:"+str(track) + "  reverse:" + str(reverse)
        if writer is not None:
            frame=frame+1
            text1=fname+' '+text1
        org_img = cv2.putText(org_img, text1, (30,80), fontFace,1,color=green)
        #cv2.imshow('thresh-level',thresh)

        cv2.imshow(TITLE,org_img)

        if writer is not None:
            writer.write(org)
    else:
        now=datetime.datetime.today()
        date=now.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
        print('reconnect:',date)
        capture.release()
        avg=None
        if THREAD:
            capture = ThreadingVideoCapture(cPATH)
            capture.start()
        else:
            capture = cv2.VideoCapture(cPATH)
    k=cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF
    key(k)
    if k== ord('q'):
        break

capture.release()
if writer is not None:
    writer.release()
    new_name=fname.replace(HEAD,HEAD+'_' + f'{detect_counts:04}'+'_')
    os.rename(fname,new_name)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

ATOMcam2の画像から流星を録画

ATOMcam2をベランダへ設置し、RTSP
で画像を流す。
小規模な火球をキャッチ(左上)。動画を拡大すると、画面上部中央に、おおぐま座(北斗七星)の一部が写っている。

処理は、Python(jupyter notebook)のスクリプト。cv2の中の移動検知のライブラリーを利用している。流星の他に、航空機、人工衛星、移動が激しい雲、鳥なども記録されるので、何らかの方法で、フィルタリングしたい。

とりあえず、一定のサイズ以下のファイルを削除するスクリプト(500kBの例)

find . -name "*.avi" -type 'f' -size -500k -delete
import cv2
import numpy as np
import time
import datetime
import os

capture = cv2.VideoCapture('rtsp://4190:2712@192.168.68.74/live')
#capture=cv2.VideoCapture(0)
PATH="/media/mars/ff2880cc-1a99-40bd-88c1-5cdc86fe9eed/home/mars/DATA"
W = capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)
H = capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)
W2=int(W/2)
H2=int(H/2)
fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"XVID")
print(W,H)

def key(k):
    global th, tc,track,reverse
    if k == ord('2'):
        th = th - 1
    elif k == ord('3'):
        th = th + 1
    elif k == ord('4'):
        tc = tc -5
    elif k == ord('5'):
        tc = tc +5
    elif k == ord('t'):
        track = not track
    elif k == ord('r'):
        reverse = not reverse

fontFace =cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
track, reverse = False,False
avg=None
th = 10
tc = 25
x,y=0,0
writer = None
time_start = time.time()
frame=0
while(True):
    ret, img = capture.read()
    org = img.copy()
    #img = cv2.resize(im, dsize=(W2, H2))
    img=img[0:int(H*0.9),0:int(W)]    # 映像の下側10%を検知範囲から除外。
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    if reverse:
        gray=cv2.bitwise_not(gray)
        avg=cv2.bitwise_not(avg)
    if avg is None:
        avg = gray.copy().astype("float")
        continue

    cv2.accumulateWeighted(gray, avg, 0.5)
    frameDelta = cv2.absdiff(gray, cv2.convertScaleAbs(avg))
    thresh = cv2.threshold(frameDelta, th, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
    contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    detect=False
    for i in range(0,len(contours)):
        if len(contours[i]) > 0:
             if cv2.contourArea(contours[i]) > tc:
                detect=True
                time_start = time.time()
                if writer is None and track:
                    now=datetime.datetime.today()
                    date=now.strftime("%Y%m%d")
                    cDIR=PATH+'/'+date
                    if not(os.path.exists(cDIR)):
                           os.mkdir(cDIR)
                    fname=cDIR+'/'+'E-'+now.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S")+".avi"
                    writer = cv2.VideoWriter(fname, fourcc, 15, (int(W), int(H)))
                rect = contours[i]
                x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(rect)

                cv2.rectangle(img, (x-w, y-h), (x + w*2, y + h*2), (0, 0, 255), 2)
                
    if time.time() -  time_start  > 5:
        if writer is not None:
            writer.release()
            #f.close()
            frame=0
            writer = None
    now=datetime.datetime.today()    
    text=now.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")+' No:'+str(frame)+ ' '+" TH:"+str(th)+" SZ:"+str(tc)
    img = cv2.putText(img, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
    org = cv2.putText(org, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
    text1="REC:"+str(track) + "  reverse:" + str(reverse)
    if writer is not None:
        frame=frame+1
        text1=fname+' '+text1
    img = cv2.putText(img, text1, (30,80), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
    #cv2.imshow('thresh-level',thresh)
    cv2.imshow("IMAGE",img)
    if writer is not None:
        writer.write(org)
        
    k=cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF
    key(k)
    if k== ord('q'):
        break

capture.release()
if writer is not None:
    writer.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Thread機能を利用して、処理の効率化を図る。

import cv2
import threading
import queue
import numpy as np
import time
import datetime
import os

cPATH='rtsp://4190:2712@192.168.68.74/live'
#cPATH= 'rtsp://admin:@192.168.68.128:554/1/h264major'
PATH="/home/pi/DATA"

fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"XVID")

class ThreadingVideoCapture:
    def __init__(self, src, max_queue_size=256):
        self.video = cv2.VideoCapture(src)
        self.q = queue.Queue(maxsize=max_queue_size)
        self.stopped = False

    def start(self):
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.update, daemon=True)
        thread.start()
        return self

    def update(self):
        while True:
            if self.stopped:
                return
            if not self.q.full():
                ok, frame = self.video.read()
                self.q.put((ok, frame))
                if not ok:
                    self.stop()
                    return

    def read(self):
        return self.q.get()

    def stop(self):
        self.stopped = True

    def release(self):
        self.stopped = True
        self.video.release()

    def isOpened(self):
        return self.video.isOpened()

    def get(self, i):
        return self.video.get(i)
    
def key(k):
    global th, tc,track,reverse,disp
    if k == ord('2'):
        th = th - 1
    elif k == ord('3'):
        th = th + 1
    elif k == ord('4'):
        tc = tc -5
    elif k == ord('5'):
        tc = tc +5
    elif k == ord('t'):
        track = not track
    elif k == ord('d'):
        disp= not disp
    elif k == ord('r'):
        reverse = not reverse

def detect_mov(contours,detect):
    for i in range(0,len(contours)):
            if len(contours[i]) > 0:
                 if cv2.contourArea(contours[i]) > tc:
                    detect=detect+1
                    rect = contours[i]
                    x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(rect)
                    cv2.rectangle(img, (x-w, y-h), (x + w*2, y + h*2), (0, 0, 255), 3)
    return img,detect
                    
fontFace =cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX

video = ThreadingVideoCapture(cPATH)
video.start()
if not video.isOpened():
    raise RuntimeError

W = video.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)
H = video.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)
W2,H2=int(W/2),int(H/2)
cv2.namedWindow('ATOM', cv2.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)

track, reverse,disp = False,False,False
avg=None
th = 10
tc = 25
x,y=0,0
writer = None
time_start = time.time()
frame=0
fname=None
log=PATH+'/metro.log'
detect=0
while(True):
    ret, img = video.read()
    if ret:
        org = img.copy()
        img = cv2.resize(img, dsize=(W2,H2))
        img=img[0:int(H2*0.85),0:int(W2)]
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
        if reverse:
            gray=cv2.bitwise_not(gray)
            avg=cv2.bitwise_not(avg)
        if avg is None:
            avg = gray.copy().astype("float")
            continue

        cv2.accumulateWeighted(gray, avg, 0.5)
        frameDelta = cv2.absdiff(gray, cv2.convertScaleAbs(avg))
        thresh = cv2.threshold(frameDelta, th, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]

        contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        img,detect=detect_mov(contours,detect)
        if writer is None and track and detect !=0:
            time_start = time.time()
            now=datetime.datetime.today()
            date=now.strftime("%Y%m%d")
            cDIR=PATH+'/'+date
            if not(os.path.exists(cDIR)):
                os.mkdir(cDIR)
            fname=cDIR+'/'+'E-'+now .strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")+".avi"
            writer = cv2.VideoWriter(fname, fourcc, 15, (int(W), int(H)))
            
        if time.time() -  time_start  > 5:
            if writer is not None:
                writer.release()
                #f.close()
                frame=0
                writer = None
        now=datetime.datetime.today()    
        text=now.strftime("%Y%m%d %H%M%S")+' No:'+str(frame)+ ' '+" TH:"+str(th)+" SZ:"+str(tc)
        img = cv2.putText(img, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
        org = cv2.putText(org, text, (30,50), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
        text1="REC:"+str(track) + "  reverse:" + str(reverse)
        if writer is not None:
            frame=frame+1
            text1=fname+' '+text1
        img = cv2.putText(img, text1, (30,80), fontFace,1,color=(0, 255, 0))
        #cv2.imshow('thresh-level',thresh)
        if disp:
            cv2.imshow("ATOM",img)
        
        if writer is not None:
            writer.write(org)
    else:
        now=datetime.datetime.today()
        date=now.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
        print("disconected:",date)
        video.release()
        avg = None
        video = ThreadingVideoCapture(cPATH)
        video.start()
    k=cv2.waitKey(int(1000 / 30)) & 0xFF
    key(k)
    if k== ord('q'):
        break

video.release()
if writer is not None:
    writer.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
print('Done.')